<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div>hey Lynn and all!</div><div><br></div><div>This might be a bit off topic but your email got me thinking about the conditions that might have led us to value more innovation rather than maintenance. These texts and the connection they make between copyright and intellectual property laws and the original/new > copy/repetition hierarchy are interesting. </div><div><br></div><div>Arindam Dutta incredible work on the nineteenth century Britain's Department of Science and Arts, a venture organized by the Board of Trade, and how the DSA exerted a powerful influence on the growth of museums, design schools, and architecture throughout the British Empire deploys a very interesting argument about the relation between the copy and the original and the metropole and the colony. I really appreciated how the book connects this relation to the development of specific copyright regulation during that time. <a href="https://architecture.mit.edu/publication/bureaucracy-beauty-design-age-its-global-reproducibility" target="_blank">https://architecture.mit.edu/publication/bureaucracy-beauty-design-age-its-global-reproducibility</a> </div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="ltr">Also, Ivan de Costa Marquez makes an interesting argument about Brazil's reverse engineering efforts in "Cloning computers: From rights of possession to rights of creation" <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09505430500110887" target="_blank">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09505430500110887</a> </div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div>Finally, Cori Hayden's ideas about pharmaceutical and intellectual property n the "THE PROPER COPY: The insides and outsides of domains made public" <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17530351003617602" target="_blank">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17530351003617602</a> might be relevant. </div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>Best</div><div><br></div><div>Vero</div><div><br></div><div dir="ltr">Verónica Uribe A. <div><div><div><div dir="ltr" class="m_1741249363816295581m_4173837328533697997gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr" style="font-size:small"><br></div><div dir="ltr" style="font-size:small"><div style="font-size:12.8px"><font color="#666666" face="tahoma, sans-serif">Ph.D. Student, Communication and Science Studies</font></div><div style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:13.3333px"><font color="#666666" face="tahoma, sans-serif">University of California, San Diego</font></span></div><div><font face="tahoma, sans-serif" style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px"><font color="#000000"><a href="mailto:vuribede@ucsd.edu" target="_blank">vuribede@ucsd.edu</a></font></span><span style="font-size:12.8px;color:rgb(102,102,102)"> |</span><span style="font-size:12.8px;color:rgb(102,102,102)"> <a href="http://veronicauribea.com/" style="color:rgb(17,85,204)" target="_blank">veronicauribea.com</a> | @</span></font><font color="#666666" face="tahoma, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.8px">veronia </span></font></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><br></div></div></div></div></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, Apr 19, 2019 at 10:31 AM Evan Hepler-Smith <<a href="mailto:evan.heplersmith@gmail.com" target="_blank">evan.heplersmith@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr">Dear Lynn and all,<div><br></div><div>On your broader topic of the value of repetition rather than maintenance specifically, worth checking out <a href="https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/V/bo15260849.html" target="_blank">Winnie Wong, </a><i><a href="https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/V/bo15260849.html" target="_blank">Van Gogh on Demand: China and the Readymade</a>. </i>Pretty cool treatment of the "factory imaginary" that both sets up novelty > repetition hierarchy and situates certain kinds of work as low-status repetition. It's nice because it digs into both of these processes: (1) how work that might well be considered creative & novel or mechanical & repetitive gets slotted into one category or the other, and (2) how this opposition of creative & novel (more privileged) / mechanical & repetitive (less privileged) gets established and reinforced and contested.</div><div><br></div><div>Evan</div><div> </div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, Apr 19, 2019 at 9:21 AM Aaron Alcorn <<a href="mailto:AaronA@livingcomputers.org" target="_blank">AaronA@livingcomputers.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)">Hey Lynn,
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)">I was recently talking about a phenomenon known as solder migration with a computer engineer. In essence, repetitive use of computer equipment causes the metal
in solder to ionize and migrate on circuitry, leading to system failure. It’s a years’ long process, but it is a real problem for legacy systems. <u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)">I am happy to connect off-list to make the introduction if you think it would be helpful.
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)">--Aaron<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(89,89,89)">Aaron Alcorn, Ph.D.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(89,89,89)">Curator | Living Computers: Museum + Labs<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(89,89,89)">D 206.342.2157<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(89,89,89)">M 206.247.0153<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(89,89,89)"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(89,89,89)"><a href="http://www.livingcomputermuseum.org/" target="_blank">www.livingcomputers.org</a><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"> <a href="mailto:themaintainers-bounces@lists.stevens.edu" target="_blank">themaintainers-bounces@lists.stevens.edu</a> <<a href="mailto:themaintainers-bounces@lists.stevens.edu" target="_blank">themaintainers-bounces@lists.stevens.edu</a>>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Lee Vinsel<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, April 19, 2019 8:20 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Lynn Berger <<a href="mailto:lynn@decorrespondent.nl" target="_blank">lynn@decorrespondent.nl</a>><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Themaintainers <<a href="mailto:themaintainers@lists.stevens.edu" target="_blank">themaintainers@lists.stevens.edu</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Themaintainers] Question from a journalist<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Hi, Lynn!!<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">I'm sure others will have other examples, including examples that should be coming to my mind (it's Friday!), but what first comes to me are some examples that David Edgerton highlights in Shock of the Old of bicycle and radio repair sectors
in, I think, Japan leading to the birth of new (innovative) industries there, including the much larger electronics industry. My copy of Shock is at home rather than here at my office, but I can get you a citation if needed. <u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">I'm very interested generally in repetition, or how I think about and teach it more often as . . . human habit . . . as well as organizational routines. Both habits and routines are central to the history/sociology/economics of maintenance,
I think.<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Best,<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Lee<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Fri, Apr 19, 2019 at 5:25 AM Lynn Berger <<a href="mailto:lynn@decorrespondent.nl" target="_blank">lynn@decorrespondent.nl</a>> wrote:<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Hello Maintainers!<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Short version: I'm a journalist working on a story about the value of repetition and why we usually overlook it because we're more interested in novelty. I draw a parallel to how we tend to prefer innovation to maintenance and want to point
out that this is silly, not least because maintenance is often a condition for innovation. And now I'm wondering: do the people on this list have some examples of when maintenance work led to new insights that led to innovation? <u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Slightly longer version:<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">My name is Lynn Berger and I've been on this list for some time. I have a PhD in communications from Columbia University (I studied 19th century photography and the law) but for the last six years I've been working as a journalist at De
Correspondent, an online journalism platform based in Amsterdam. I cover technology and culture there; a few years ago I wrote a piece about the rediscovery of maintenance, with pride of place for the maintainers. (Those who read Dutch can find it
<a href="https://decorrespondent.nl/6816/he-innovators-gamechangers-en-disrupters-vergeten-jullie-het-onderhoud-niet/227102304-f476506a" target="_blank">
here</a>, and a short followup I wrote on repair, <a href="https://decorrespondent.nl/7414/waarom-het-recht-op-repareren-ons-allemaal-aangaat/247027066-a9e9bbdc" target="_blank">
here</a>.)<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Currently I'm working on a story about the value of repetition and how we tend to overlook it because we're more interested in novelty. I draw a parallel to how we tend to prefer innovation to maintenance and want to point out that this
is missing the point, not least because maintenance is often a condition for innovation. <u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">And now I'm wondering: do the people on this list have some examples of when maintenance work led to new insights that led to innovation? <u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">I'd be grateful for a few good and concrete examples. And for your time, of course!<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Thank you in advance and keep up the good work (!)<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Lynn.<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">Lynn Berger<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif"><a href="http://www.decorrespondent.nl/lynnberger" target="_blank">De Correspondent</a><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">Barentzplein 7BG <u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">1013 NJ Amsterdam<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif"><a href="https://twitter.com/LynnBerger1984" target="_blank">@LynnBerger1984</a><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">06 24102193<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">_______________________________________________<br>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Assistant Professor <br>
Department of Science, Technology, and Society<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Virginia Tech<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://leevinsel.com" target="_blank">leevinsel.com</a><br>
Twitter: @STS_News<u></u><u></u></p>
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</blockquote></div><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br><div dir="ltr" class="gmail-m_1741249363816295581gmail-m_4173837328533697997gmail-m_-110740721065003647gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div>Evan Hepler-Smith</div><div><a href="mailto:evan.heplersmith@gmail.com" target="_blank">evan.heplersmith@gmail.com</a><br>339.203.1096</div><div><a href="http://evanheplersmith.com" target="_blank">evanheplersmith.com</a></div></div></div></div></div>
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